What is .NET framework? Give the advantage of .NET framework. Explain architecture of .NET framework.


Defination :
  • The .NET framework is a software development platform developed by microsoft it can be used to create both form-based and web-based applications.
  • The framework supports various programming languages such as visual basic and C#.
  • so developers can choose and select the language to develop the required application.

Advantage :
  • With .NET framework the quantity of codes used in large web applications can be reduce.
  • Drag and Drop of automatic operations are possible it also provides server and blueprints.
  • Development is very secure in ASP.NET framework as HTML and source codes will be separated automatically.
  • The .NET platform is a server sided technology hence .NET code will perform on the server.

DOT NET framework architecture :

What is .NET framework? Give the advantage of .NET framework. Explain architecture of .NET framework
  • .NET framework runs on different versions of windows operating system,starting from windows 98 to latest versions of windows 7 and windows 8.
  • Operating system is not a part of .NET framework but generally it is show as a base layer to indicate that .NET framework runs on OS.

a) Common Language Runtime(CLR) :
  • The CLR is the execution engine for .NET applications and servers as the interface between .NET application and the operating system.
  • The CLR is the platform on which applications are hosted and executed.
  • The CLR manages memory, Thread execution, Garbage Collection(GC), Exception Handling, Common Type System(CTS), code safety varifications, and othe System Services.

b) Framework Class Library(FCL) OR Base Class Library(BCL) :
  • The .NET FCL is a collection of reusable types that is integrated with the CLR.
  • The .NET FCL is object oriented.
  • It contains more than 7000 classes and data types to read and write files, access database, process XML, display a GUI, draw graphics, use web services, etc...

c) Data and XML Classes (ADO.NET,SQL,XML, etc...) :
  • These classes extends the FCL to support data management and XML manipulation.
  • ADO.NET provides improved support for the disconnected programming model.
  • It also provides rich XML support.
  • XML classes support various operations on XML data like serching, translations, modifying etc..

d) Applications (windows, web, web services, etc...) :
  • Applications are the interfaces between user and computers that allows .NET to interact with the outside world.
  • Commonly used application types are windows (Tally, MS office, etc..), web (www.gtu.ac.in), web services (internet payment system) etc..

e) Common Language Specifications (CLS) :
  • CLS is a set of specifications to make languages as .NET complaint languages.
  • CLS makes use of CTS and CLR.
  • This is done in such a way, that programs written in any language can interoperate with othr languages.
  • This also can take full advantage of inheritance, polymorphism, exceptions, and other features.

f) Common Type System (CTS) :
  • CTS describe how types are declared, used and managed in the runtime.
  • it facilities cross-language integration, type safety, and high performance code execution.
  •  CTS help developers to develop applications in different languages.
  • The CTS also specifies the rules for type visibility and for access to the members of a type.

g) .NET Compliant Languages :
  • This is the top most layer, it consists of .NET compliant languages e.g. C#, VB.NET, J#, F#, etc...
  • One of the imperative features of the .NET is the facility to program in multiple languages, which allows programmers to use their favorite languages.